Buying the right bulldozer for your construction project can be a challenge. Knowing exactly what your needs are and what features are important to you can make the process easier – here's a look at the basics of buying a bulldozer.
First, consider the size of bulldozer you need. Smaller bulldozers, under 100 hp, are usually used for finishing and grading work. Large models – over 400 hp – are production machines, designed to move huge loads. Mid-range bulldozers can adapt to both roles.
The type of work you'll be doing can impact the type of blade you choose. If you'll be clearing wooded areas, sharper blades designed to cut through trees can make the job easier. Pushing large amounts of loose material calls for universal blades (U blades) that have greater capacity. Doing finishing grading calls for a straight blade or S blade.
You may also want to choose a ripper to break up rocks or hard ground. Single-shank rippers can gouge deeper into the soil and break larger rocks, while multi-shank rippers are better for breaking up wider swaths of land in each pass.
Different types of tracks and undercarriages are available, so work with the dealer to choose one that best matches your typical operating conditions. Standard steel tracks do a good job of providing traction and float, but other tracks are available for extremely muddy or loose surfaces.
Here some other factors to consider when buying a bulldozer:
Ergonomics – make sure you have your operator test out the machines you're considering. Modern bulldozers have electronic or electronic/hydraulic control systems that are adjustable to the preferences of the operator. Don't think of operator comfort as an extra – operators can be more efficient for longer periods of time thanks to improved ergonomics.
Visibility – Check the sight lines from each dozer – front, back, and sides. Make sure your operator can see enough for safe operation.
Hydrostatic drives – Standard in smaller dozers, hydrostatic drives make control of the dozer easier under changing conditions. Larger bulldozers that require higher torque usually have direct drive transmissions instead.
Blade control systems – Automated blade control, using satellite or laser technology, turns a dozer into a capable grading machine. Some dozers come with blade control systems, while others are "control-ready," meaning that they can be easily retrofitted.
